Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o nā maka lapaʻau|KENJOY

Nui nā ʻano pale lapaʻau.Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana.He aha nā ʻano ʻekolu?I kēia manawa kakūʻai nui ʻia ka pale maka lapaʻauhaʻi mai iā mākou i kēia mau mea.

LapaauNā pale maka FFP2hana nui ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha o ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia.ʻO nā kaʻina hana nui e pili ana i ka melt-blown, spunbond, ea wela a i ʻole needling.He kūpaʻa ia i ka wai, kānana ʻana i nā mea ʻāpana a me nā bacteria.He lole pale kino ia.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā masks lapaʻau i nā masks pale olakino, nā masks surgical a me nā masks lapaʻau maʻamau e like me kā lākou ʻano hana a me ka pae noi.

pale pale lapaʻau

ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike e pili ana i kahi kānana ponoʻī hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe, i kūpono no ka pale ʻana i nā limahana lapaʻau a me nā limahana pili, a he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pale ʻana, a kūpono hoʻi i nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi hanu. nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka ea a i ʻole nā ​​droplets kokoke i ke kaʻina o ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana.Hiki iā ia ke kānana i nā ʻāpana i ka lewa a hoʻopaʻa i nā droplets, ke koko, nā wai kino, nā mea huna, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Hoʻopaʻa nā maka lapaʻau i ka hapa nui o nā bacteria, nā maʻi a me nā pathogens ʻē aʻe, a ʻōlelo ʻo WHO e hoʻohana nā limahana mālama ola i nā masks anti-particulate e pale ai i nā maʻi maʻi i ka ea o ka haukapila.

E like me nā koi ʻenehana o GB19083-2003, ʻo nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi kumu nui o nā masks pale mālama olakino ʻo ka filtration pono a me ka pale ʻana i ka ea me ka ʻole o nā ʻāpana aila.

ʻO nā hōʻailona kiko'ī penei:

1) ʻO ka pono kānana: inā he (85 ± 2) L / min ka holo ʻana o ka ea, ʻaʻole emi ka pono kānana ma mua o 95%, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke anawaena waena aerodynamic o N95 (a i ʻole FFP2) a ma luna (0.24±0.06) μm(0.24±0.06).Hiki ke pale ʻia ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ea e nā mea maʻi infectious 5μm i ke anawaena a i ʻole ma ka launa pū ʻana me nā mea maʻi infectious i lawe ʻia e ka droplet.

2) Ke kū'ē kū'ē: ma lalo o nā kūlana kahe i luna,ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ka nui o ke kū'ēʻana i ka 343.2Pa (35mmH2O).

3) ʻAʻole pono nā hōʻailona ʻenehana e like me ka permeability ma loko o ka mask ma lalo o 10.9Kpa(80mmHg) kaomi.

4) Pono e hoʻolako ʻia ka mask me kahi pahu ihu, i hana ʻia me ka mea plastic, lōʻihi > 8.5 cm.

5) pono e hoʻokahe ʻia ke koko synthetic ma 10.7kPa (80mmHg) i loko o ka laʻana mask.ʻAʻole pono e komo i loko o ka mask.

pale pale kino

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka mask o ka hana lapaʻau no ka pale kumu o nā limahana lapaʻau a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea pili, a me nā ʻano pale e pale ai i ka lawe ʻana i ke koko, ka wai o ke kino, splashing a pēlā aku, me kekahi hopena pale.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma kahi maʻemaʻe ma lalo o ka pae 100,000, e hana ana i loko o ka lumi hana, nā mea maʻi kahu hānai me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e hana ana i nā puʻu o ke kino a me nā hana ʻē aʻe.Hiki i nā maka lapaʻau ke ālai i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi e pale aku i ka maʻi o nā limahana lapaʻau, a pale pū i nā microorganism i lawe ʻia i loko o ka hanu o nā limahana lapaʻau mai ka hoʻokuʻu pololei ʻana i waho o ke kino, e hoʻoweliweli ana i ka mea maʻi.Pono e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o 95 ka nui o nā masks i ke kānana ʻana i ka bacteria.Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā masks surgical disposable i nā poʻe maʻi i manaʻo ʻia i nā maʻi hanu e pale ai i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka maʻi i nā limahana o ka haukapila a hoʻemi i ka hopena o ka cross-infection, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hopena e like me nā masks pale olakino.

ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻenehana koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka pono kānana, ka pono kānana bacterial a me ka pale ʻana i ka hanu.

ʻO nā hōʻailona kiko'ī penei:

1) Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kānana: Aerodynamic median anawaena (0.24±0.06)μm sodium chloride aerosol kānana pono ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 30% ma ke kahe kahe o ka ea (30±2)L/min.

2) ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe bacteria: ʻaʻole pono e emi ka filtration pono o Staphylococcus aureus me ka nui o ka nui o (3±0.3) micron ma lalo o 95%, ka filtration filtration ≥95%, a me ka filtration rate o nā ʻāpana ʻole o ka ʻaila ≥30 %.

3) ʻO ke kū'ē o ka hanu: ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka holo pono o ka kānana, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka inspiratory ma mua o 49Pa, a ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana o ka expiratory ma mua o 29.4Pa.Ke 49Pa/cm ka ʻokoʻa puʻe △P ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka mask, pono ke kahe o ke kinoea ≥264mm/s.

4) Nose clip and mask strap: Pono e hoʻolako ʻia ka mask me kahi pahu ihu i hana ʻia me ka mea plastic, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pahu ihu ma mua o 8.0cm.Pono e maʻalahi ke kāʻei mask e ʻaʻahu a wehe, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka haki ʻana o kēlā me kēia kāʻei mask ma mua o 10N ma ka wahi pili o ke kino mask.

5) ke komo ʻana o ke koko synthetic: ma hope o 2ml o ke koko synthetic i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka mask ma 16.0kPa (120mmHg), ʻaʻohe pono e komo i ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka mask.

6) Ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka lapalapa ahi: E hoʻohana i nā mea hiki ʻole ke puhi ʻia no ka mask, a e puhi no ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5s ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka mask i ka lapalapa.

7) Ethylene oxide koena: ka ethylene oxide koena o sterilized masks pono e emi ma mua o 10μg / g.

8) ʻO ka ʻili ʻili: ʻo ka papa kuhikuhi mua o nā mea mask e emi iho a i ʻole like me 0.4, a ʻaʻohe pane hoʻonaʻauao.

9) Microbial index: ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā kolone bacterial ≤20CFU/g, coliform bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus a me nā fungi.

Maka lapaʻau maʻamau

Hoʻolālā ʻia nā maka lapaʻau maʻamau e ālai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana mai ka ihu a me ka waha a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i hoʻokahi hoʻohana i nā ʻōnaehana olakino maʻamau me ka pae haʻahaʻa o ka pale.No nā hana mālama olakino maʻamau, e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka wai, nā ʻāpana hoʻomaʻemaʻe moe, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka bacteria pathogenic, e like me ka pollen, etc.

Wahi a nā Standards huahana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (YZB), ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka pono kānana ʻana o nā ʻāpana a me nā bacteria, a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa o ke kānana ʻana o nā ʻāpana a me nā bacteria ma mua o nā masks surgical a me nā masks pale olakino.Hiki i ka 0.3-micron-diameter aerosol ke hoʻokō wale i ka 20.0% -25.0% ka hopena palekana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ka pono kānana o nā ʻāpana a me ka bacteria.ʻAʻole hiki ke pale maikaʻi i ka pathogen mai ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻōpū hanu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana traumatic clinical, ʻaʻole hiki ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana pale i nā mea ʻeleʻele a me nā maʻi bacteria a me nā maʻi, hiki ke pāʻani wale i kahi hana pale mechanical ma nā ʻāpana lepo a i ʻole nā ​​aerosol.

Nā manawa noi like ʻole

Nā maka pale lapaʻau:

He kūpono ke kumu hoʻohālike no ka pale ʻana i ka hana o nā limahana lapaʻau e pili ana me nā maʻi me nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka ea a i ʻole droplet.Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻololi ʻia i loko o 4 mau hola i nā keʻena kaʻawale, nā keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi, nā keʻena maʻi kuni a me nā wahi kūikawā ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā masks ʻokiʻoki:

He kūpono ia e ʻaʻahu ʻia e nā limahana lapaʻau i nā keʻena lapaʻau, nā hale hana, nā lumi hana a me nā wahi invasive a koi ʻia paha e pale aku i ke koko, ka wai o ke kino a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka huʻi, a pono ke pale ʻana i ke koko ma kona ʻaoʻao waho.E hele i nā wahi lehulehu, mai hoʻopā i nā maʻi, pono e ʻaʻahu i kahi pale pale;

Nā maka lapaʻau hoʻopau ʻia:

Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka mālama olakino maʻamau no ka poʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a loaʻa ka pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.Ua kaupalena ʻia i ka pāʻani ʻana i kekahi hopena pale mechanical ma ka lepo a i ʻole aerosol a hoʻohana ʻia i ka hihia o ka liʻiliʻi o ka heluna kanaka.

ʻO ka mea i luna nei kahi hoʻolauna pōkole o nā maka lapaʻau.No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā maka lapaʻau, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i kā mākounā mea hana pale maka lapaʻaue hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike kikoʻī hou aku