Gulu la masks azachipatala |KENJOY

Pali mitundu yambiri ya masks azachipatala.Tikhoza kuwagawa m’magulu atatu.Kodi magulu atatuwa ndi ati?Tsopano aMedical nkhope mask yogulitsaakutiuza zotsatirazi.

ZachipatalaMasks a FFP2amapangidwa makamaka ndi nsalu imodzi kapena zingapo za nsalu zopanda nsalu.Njira zazikulu zopangira ndikuphatikiza kusungunuka, spunbond, mpweya wotentha kapena kusowa.Imalimbana ndi zamadzimadzi, kusefa zinthu ndi mabakiteriya.Ndi nsalu yoteteza kuchipatala.

Masks azachipatala amatha kugawidwa kukhala masks oteteza kuchipatala, masks opangira opaleshoni ndi masks wamba azachipatala malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito.

Chigoba chachitetezo chamankhwala

Chitsanzo chothandizira chikukhudzana ndi chipangizo chodzitchinjiriza chodziyimira pawokha, chomwe chili choyenera kutetezedwa kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi ogwira nawo ntchito, ndipo chimakhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba, ndipo chimakhala choyenera makamaka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma. matenda opatsirana ndi mpweya kapena pafupi m'malovu pamene matenda ndi mankhwala.Imatha kusefa tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta mlengalenga ndikutsekereza madontho, magazi, madzi am'thupi, zotulutsa, ndi zina zambiri. Ndi chinthu chotayika.Masks azachipatala amatsekereza mabakiteriya ambiri, ma virus ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo WHO imalimbikitsa kuti ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo agwiritse ntchito masks oletsa anti-particulate kuteteza matenda a virus mumpweya wachipatala.

Malinga ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo za GB19083-2003, ukadaulo waukulu wamasks oteteza zamankhwala ndi kusefera bwino komanso kukana kwa mpweya wokhala ndi kapena popanda tinthu tamafuta.

Zizindikiro zenizeni ndi izi:

1) Kusefedwa bwino: pamene mpweya wothamanga uli (85 ± 2) L / min, kusefa bwino sikuchepera 95%, ndiko kuti, kutalika kwapakati pa aerodynamic N95 (kapena FFP2) ndi pamwamba (0.24± 0.06) μm (0.24±0.06).Kupatsirana kwa ndege kumatha kupewedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda 5μm m'mimba mwake kapena kukhudzana kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amafalitsidwa ndi droplet.

2) Kukaniza kuyamwa: pansi pazimenezi pamwambapa, kukana kuyamwa sikudutsa 343.2Pa (35mmH2O).

3) Sipayenera kukhala zizindikiro zaumisiri monga permeability mkati mwa chigoba pansi pa 10.9Kpa (80mmHg) kuthamanga.

4) Chigobacho chiyenera kukhala ndi chojambula cha mphuno, chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, kutalika> 8.5 cm.

5) magazi opangidwa ayenera kuwazidwa pa 10.7kPa (80mmHg) mu chigoba chitsanzo.Pasakhale kulowetsedwa mkati mwa chigoba.

chigoba opaleshoni

Chigoba cha opaleshoni yachipatala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poteteza ogwira ntchito zachipatala kapena ogwira nawo ntchito, komanso njira zodzitetezera pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa magazi, madzi a m'thupi, kuwaza ndi zina zotero, ndi zina zoteteza.Imavalidwa makamaka pamalo aukhondo pansi pamlingo wa 100,000, ikugwira ntchito m'chipinda chopangira opaleshoni, odwala oyamwitsa omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa, akuchita zoboola m'mimba ndi maopaleshoni ena.Masks azachipatala amatha kuletsa mabakiteriya ambiri ndi ma virus kuti apewe matenda a ogwira ntchito zachipatala, komanso kuteteza tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi mpweya wa ogwira ntchito zachipatala kuti zisatulutsidwe mwachindunji m'thupi, ndikuwopseza wodwalayo.Masks opangira opaleshoni amafunikira kuti akhale opambana 95 peresenti pakusefa mabakiteriya.Masks opangira opaleshoni omwe angatayike akuyeneranso kuperekedwa kwa odwala omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi matenda opuma kuti ateteze kuwopseza matenda kwa ogwira ntchito ena azachipatala ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda opatsirana, koma zotsatira zake sizabwino ngati masks oteteza kuchipatala.

Zizindikiro zofunikira zaukadaulo zimaphatikizapo kusefera bwino, kusefera kwa bakiteriya komanso kukana kupuma.

Zizindikiro zenizeni ndi izi:

1) Kusefera bwino: Aerodynamic m'mimba mwake (0.24±0.06)μm kusefera kwa sodium chloride aerosol sikuchepera 30% pakuyenda kwa mpweya (30±2)L/min.

2) Bakiteriya kusefera dzuwa: kusefera dzuwa la Staphylococcus aureus ndi pafupifupi tinthu kukula (3 ± 0.3) micron sayenera kuchepera 95%, ndi bakiteriya kusefera mlingo ≥95%, ndi kusefera mlingo wa sanali mafuta particles ≥30 %.

3) Kukana kwa kupuma: pansi pa chikhalidwe cha kusefera kwachangu, kukana kulimbikitsana sikudutsa 49Pa, ndipo kukana kupuma sikudutsa 29.4Pa.Pamene kusiyana kwa kuthamanga △P pakati pa mbali ziwiri za chigoba ndi 49Pa/cm, mpweya wotuluka uyenera kukhala ≥264mm/s.

4) Chojambula chapamphuno ndi lamba lachigoba: Chigobacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mphuno yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, kutalika kwa mphuno kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 8.0cm.Lamba wa chigoba uyenera kukhala wosavuta kuvala ndikuchotsa, ndipo kuthyoka kwa lamba wa chigoba chilichonse kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 10N polumikizana ndi thupi la chigoba.

5) kulowa kwa magazi opangidwa: pambuyo pa 2ml ya magazi opangidwa ndi kupopera kunja kwa chigoba pa 16.0kPa (120mmHg), sikuyenera kukhala kulowa mkati mwa chigoba.

6) Ntchito yobwezeretsanso moto: Gwiritsani ntchito zida zosayaka zopangira chigoba, ndikuwotcha kwa mphindi zosakwana 5 chigoba chikasiya lawi.

7) Zotsalira za ethylene oxide: zotsalira za ethylene oxide za masks osabala ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 10μg/g.

8) Kupsa mtima pakhungu: index yayikulu yakukwiyira ya zida za chigoba iyenera kukhala yocheperako kapena yofanana ndi 0.4, ndipo sipayenera kukhala tcheru.

9) Mndandanda wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya ≤20CFU/g, mabakiteriya a coliform, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus ndi bowa sichidzadziwika.

Chigoba chodziwika bwino chachipatala

Masks azachipatala anthawi zonse amapangidwa kuti aletse kutayikira kwa mphuno ndi mkamwa ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha pazachipatala zokhala ndi chitetezo chotsika kwambiri.Zochita zachipatala, monga kuyeretsa mwaukhondo, kukonza zamadzimadzi, zoyeretsera pabedi, kudzipatula kapena kuteteza tinthu ting'onoting'ono osati mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda, monga mungu, ndi zina zambiri.

Malinga ndi ma standard product standards (YZB), kusefa kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono ndi mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri sikofunikira, kapena kusefa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi mabakiteriya ndikotsika kuposa kwa masks opangira opaleshoni ndi masks oteteza kuchipatala.Aerosol ya 0.3-micron-diameter imatha kukwaniritsa 20.0% -25.0% chitetezo, chomwe sichingakwaniritse kusefa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi mabakiteriya.Sangathe kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera kupuma thirakiti kuwukiridwa, sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pachipatala zoopsa opaleshoni, sangakhoze kuchita zoteteza pa particles ndi mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, akhoza kuchita mawotchi chotchinga udindo pa fumbi particles kapena aerosols.

Zochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito

Masks oteteza zachipatala:

Chitsanzo chothandizira ndichoyenera kutetezedwa kuntchito kwa ogwira ntchito zachipatala pokhudzana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mpweya kapena droplet.Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti alowe m'malo mkati mwa maola 4 m'mawodi odzipatula, m'malo osamalira odwala kwambiri, zipatala za malungo ndi malo ena apadera.

Masks opangira opaleshoni:

Ndikoyenera kuvala ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala m'zipatala zachipatala, ma laboratories, zipinda zogwirira ntchito ndi malo ena ovuta kapena ovuta kuti ateteze magazi, madzi amadzimadzi a m'thupi ndi kufalitsa chithovu, komanso kupewa miliri ya magazi kumafunika kunja kwake.Pitani kumalo opezeka anthu ambiri, musakhudze odwala, muyenera kuvala chigoba cha opaleshoni;

Masks azachipatala otayika:

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazaumoyo wamba kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chochepa ndipo ali ndi chitetezo chochepa kwambiri.Imangokhala pakusewera zotchinga zamakina pafumbi kapena aerosol ndipo imavalidwa ngati pali anthu ochepa.

Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule za masks azachipatala.Kuti mumve zambiri za masks azachipatala, chonde lemberaniopanga mask nkhope zamankhwalakuti ndikupatseni zambiri zatsatanetsatane