1. Ibhande le-plaster yezokwelaphaukulungiswa kwama-fractures

 

Ibhande le-plaster yezokwelaphaisibhamu sangempela

Kuyimpushana ecolekile ye-plaster of paris (anhydrous calcium sulfate) efafazwe ngebhandeshi elikhethekile elinembobo ye-gauze.Senziwa ibhandeshi likakhonkolo, licwiliswe emanzini afudumele bese ligoqwa esithweni sesiguli ukuze singanyakazi.Ingaqiniswa futhi yakheke emizuzwini emi-5 kuya kweyi-10, futhi kancane kancane yome futhi iqine, engakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphumelelayo isitho esithintekile.Eminyakeni yamuva, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhandeshi e-resin for immobilization kuye kwanda usuku nosuku.

 

Izinkomba zokulungiswa kwe-bandage ye-plaster (1) ngemva kokuchithwa kanye nokuthungwa kokuqhekeka okuvulekile, ngaphambi kokuba isilonda siphole (2) ukuphuka ezingxenyeni ezithile, lezo okunzima ukuzilungisa ngama-splints amancane;(3) ngemva kokuncishiswa okuvulekile nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi kokuphuka okuthile, njengokubethelwa kwe-intramedullary noma ukulungisa isikulufu sepuleti sokuphuka kwezinsikazi, njengokulungisa kwangaphandle okusizayo;(4) ukugcinwa kwesimo samathambo ngemva kokulungiswa kokukhubazeka nokulungiswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwethambo nelunga, njengangemuva kokuhlangana kwelunga lesihlakala;5

 

Izinzuzo kanye nobubi bokulungiswa kwe-bandage kakhonkolo wezokwelapha (1) Izinzuzo: Ingalolongwa ngokuvumelana nokuma kwesitho, futhi umphumela wokulungisa unokwethenjelwa futhi ungagcinwa isikhathi eside.(2) Ukungalungi: i-inelastic, ayikwazi ukulungisa ukuqina, ububanzi obunqunyiwe bukhulu, ngokuvamile kufanele budlule amalunga aphezulu naphansi wengxenye ephukile, ayikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokusebenza kwemisebenzi ehlangene, futhi ibangela kalula ukuqina kwamalunga.

 

Ngokomtholampilo, iziguli eziphukayo zivame ukuba nezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo sikashukela, okudinga ukuthi abasebenzi abahlengikazi banake ukunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela futhi bazame ukugwema ukutheleleka, ngoba iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukutheleleka futhi zingapholi amanxeba, nokudla kwabo Kungcono kakhulu cela udokotela wezokudla ukuze abonisane ukuze akhuthaze ukululama kwesiguli ngokushesha.

 

2. Izinkomba zokuphameka kokuqhekeka

  

Amafracture akhona empilweni namuhla.Kungaba njalo.Izikhathi eziningi ngenxa yokunganaki ukunakekelwa kwabo kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo.ezinye izingozi.Kulula futhi ukubangela ukuphuka ngokwemvelo, okunikeza impilo yethu evamile umsebenzi.kuzoba nomthelela.Ngoba kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-100 ukulimaza imisipha namathambo, ngakho-ke okulandelayo kuzokunikeza isingeniso esiningiliziwe.Yikuphi ukuphuka okudinga ukhonkolo?

 

Ngokuphuka kwengalo, ngokuvamile kuthatha inyanga eyodwa ukususa ukhonkolo.Kusesekuseni kakhulu ukususa ukhonkolo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuphela.Isiza sokuphuka besingakaxhunywanga ngendlela efanele isikhathi eside, okungase kubangele kalula ukugudluka, kubangele ukonakala, futhi kuthinte imisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo.Kutuswa ukuthi uye esibhedlela uyohlola ama-X-ray ukuze uqinisekise Ingabe indawo ivamile manje?Uma kungavamile, kufanele kubhekwane nakho kusenesikhathi.Uma ukuphuka manje kuhambisana kahle, qhubeka nokulingisa.

 

Ukulunywa kwengalo kubangelwa ukukhishwa kanye necrosis ye-epidermis okubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwegazi okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwe-plaster.Akunandaba.Ngemva kokususwa kwe-plaster, izowa ngokwemvelo.Inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokukhishwa kwe-plaster cast, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa izivivinyo ezisebenzayo ukuze ululame ngokugcwele.

 

Izinkomba 1. Ngemuva kokunciphisa ukuphuka okuzinzile.2. Ukuphuka kokucindezelwa komgogodla.3. Ngemva kokuncishiswa kokuhlukaniswa okuhlangene.4. I-Joint sprain, ukudabuka kwe-ligament kanye ne-avulsion.5. Ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa nokuvimbela ukuphuka kwe-pathological ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njenge-nerve anastomosis, ukufakelwa kwe-tendon, i-ligament suture, ukuhlanganiswa okuhlangene nokulungiswa, i-osteotomy, ukufakelwa kwamathambo, ukufakelwa kwamalungu, i-microsurgery, i-osteomyelitis, njll. 6. Ngemva kokunciphisa okuvulekile nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi ukuphuka.7. Lungisa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, njengokugudluka kwenyonga yokuzalwa, unyawo oluguquguqukayo ozalwa nalo, njll. 8. I-osteoarthritis engapheli, ukutheleleka kwe-osteoarthritis, ukulimala komgogodla wesibeletho, njll. 9. Imibhede namavesti apulastile ngaphambi nangemuva kokuhlinzwa komgogodla.Contraindications 1. Isimo esijwayelekile sibi, ikakhulukazi asebekhulile abanokungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo namaphaphu, amabhandeshi okhonkolo wezokwelapha akufanele ahlanganiswe esifubeni nasesiswini.2. Abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nama-ascites aqhubekayo akufanele basebenzise i-plaster yesifuba nesisu.3. Uma kunezimo ezikhethekile ezivimbela ngokuqondile ukubhekwa kwesifo.

Ibhandeshi likakhonkolo wezokwelapha Ukuvala ukuphuka kokuphuka Izinyathelo zokuphepha ngemuva kokufakwa kukakhonkolo kokuqhekeka kokuqhekeka

 

Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka, yebo, kufanele unake ukubuyiselwa okufika ngesikhathi kwengxenye ephukile.Phela, uma ungakwazi ukuyibuyisela endaweni yokuqala isikhathi eside, izoba nomthelela omkhulu ekuvuseleleni kamuva, ngakho wonke umuntu kufanele akunake.Ukuthatha izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, lezi zingxenye kufanele futhi zivikelwe empilweni yansuku zonke.

 

Izinyathelo ezintathu, eziyisi-6 ezinkulu zokuqapha ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-plaster yokuphuka

  

Izinyathelo eziyisithupha zokuqapha ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-plaster yokuphuka.Ochwepheshe bamathambo baveze ukuthi amabhandeshi e-plaster yezokwelapha avame ukudingeka ukuze alungiswe ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuphuka.Inzuzo yale ndlela yukuthi ingabunjwa ngokuvumelana nokuma kwesitho esithintekile futhi umphumela wokulungisa uqinile futhi unokwethenjelwa.Okubi njengokuqina kwamalunga.Ngakho-ke, kufanele sikunakisise, sinikeze ukudlala okugcwele izinzuzo zayo futhi siqede ukuntula kwayo ukuze sikhuthaze ukubuyiswa kwama-fractures ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.Amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele anakwe ngemuva kokulungiswa kwebhandeshi le-plaster yezokwelapha eliphukile:

 

1. Naka ukugcina indawo engaguquki kuze kube yilapho ukhonkolo uqina ngokuphelele.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-bandage ye-plaster yezokwelapha ingafinyelela amandla ayo aphezulu ngemva kokulungiswa amahora angu-24.

 

2. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukugwema ukubhodloza ukhonkolo lapho unyakaza futhi uhambisa isiguli.Uma iphukile, kufanele ilungiswe udokotela kusenesikhathi.

 

3. Ngemva kweibhandishi likakhonkolo lwezokwelaphaisilungisiwe, isitho esithintekile kufanele siphakanyiswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukubuya kwegazi eliphansi kwezicubu zendawo.Ngemuva kokuthi i-plaster iqiniswe ngokuphelele, ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo kokuhlanganiswa okungagxiliwe kungenziwa.

 

4. Bhekisisa eduze ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukuzwa nokunyakaza kwesiphetho esikude sesitho esithintekile.Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obunzima, ukuba ndikindiki, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lesikhumba somphetho noma umbala omnyama weminwe/izinzwane, njll., kubonisa ukuthi ukhonkolo usongwe lwaqina kakhulu futhi sekuvele nezimpawu zokucindezelwa okukhulu.Khipha ukhonkolo.

 

5. Ngemva kokuvuvukala kwesitho esithintekile esilungiswe yi-bandage ye-plaster yezokwelapha inyamalala, uma ukulungiswa kwe-plaster kukhululekile kakhulu, i-plaster kufanele ishintshwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela osebenzayo wamathambo nokulungiswa.

 

6. Uma izinga lokushisa elizungezile liphansi kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukufudumala kwengxenye engaguquki ye-bandage ye-plaster yezokwelapha ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala kokuphela kwe-distal yesitho esithintekile ngenxa yamakhaza.

 

Okwesine, yiziphi izingozi zokuphuka?

  

Njengoba isisho sibonisa, kuthatha izinsuku eziyikhulu ukulimaza imisipha namathambo akho.Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuphuka kuvame kakhulu ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, akusiletheli ubuhlungu kuphela kodwa futhi kuletha izinkinga ezinkulu.Abantu abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi ukuphuka okuningi kubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium noma amandla angaphandle, kodwa ingabe kunjalo ngempela?Eqinisweni, ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ukunyakaza okuncane okungaqondile kungase futhi kulimaza amathambo akho.

 

(l) I-Hypostatic pneumonia: Ivame ukuvela ezigulini ezihlala embhedeni isikhathi eside ngenxa yokuphuka, ikakhulukazi lezo esezikhulile nezibuthaka futhi ezihambisana nezifo ezingelapheki.Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungafaka ukuphila kwesiguli engozini.Umuntu ocabangayo kufanele akhuthazwe ukuba aphume embhedeni ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka..

 

(2) I-Decubitus: Ngemva kokuphuka kanzima, isiguli sihlala silele isikhathi eside, amathambo omzimba ayacindezelwa, futhi ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi endaweni kulula ukwenza isilonda sombhede.Izindawo ezivamile yithambo lamandla, eliphukile, nesithende.

 

(3) I-thrombosis ye-vein ejulile yamaphethelo aphansi: kuvame kakhulu ekuqhekekeni kwe-pelvic noma ukuphuka kwe-pelvic, ukungakwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside kwamaphethelo aphansi, ukubuya kwegazi okuhamba kancane, kanye ne-hypercoagulability ebangelwa ukulimala, i-thrombosis cishe ingenzeka.Ukuzivocavoca kufanele kuqiniswe ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwakho.

 

(4) Ukutheleleka: Ezingxenyeni ezivulekile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinokungcola okukhulu noma ezinokulimala okukhulu kwezicubu ezithambile, ukutheleleka kungase kwenzeke uma ukuchithwa kungaphelele, izicubu ezisele ze-necrotic noma ukumbozwa kwezicubu ezithambile ezibuthakathaka.Ukuphatha okungalungile kungabangela i-osteomyelitis e-suppurative.

 

(5) I-ossification yokulimala: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-myositis ossificans.Ngenxa ye-joint sprain, i-dislocation noma i-fracture eduze kwesihlanganisi, i-periosteum ihlutshiwe ukuze yenze i-hematoma engaphansi kwe-subperiosteal.Ukuphatha okungalungile kubangela ukuthi i-hematoma yande, ihlele futhi i-ossify kakhulu esicutshini esithambile eduze kwelunga, okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwamalunga.Ikakhulukazi ehlangene indololwane.

 

(6) I-arthritis elimazayo: I-intra-articular fractures, i-articular surface yonakalisiwe, futhi i-articular surface ayisethiwe kabusha ngokunembile.Ngemva kokuba ithambo selipholile, i-articular surface ayilingani.Ukugqoka nokukhala isikhathi eside kungabangela kalula isifo samathambo sengxenye eyonakele, okuholela ebuhlungu ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamalunga.

 

(7) Ukuqina kwamalunga: Izitho ezithintekile bezingakwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside, ukubuya kwe-venous ne-lymphatic akusheleli, futhi kukhona ukukhishwa kwe-fibrous ye-serous fluid kanye ne-fibrin deposition ezicutshini ezizungeze amalunga.Ama-fibrous adhesions ayenzeka.Kuhambisana nezinguquko ezihlangene kanye nokufinyezwa kwemisipha yangaphandle, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokunyakaza kwamalunga.Lena inkinga evame kakhulu yokuphuka nokulimala kwamalunga.Ukususwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kanye nokuzivocavoca okusebenzayo okusebenzayo kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela nokwelapha ukuqina kwamalunga.

 

(8) I-acute bone atrophy: i-osteoporosis enesifo eduze kwamalunga okubangwa ukulimala, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-reflex sympathetic osteodystrophy.c Kwenzeka ngemva kokuphuka kwezandla nezinyawo, futhi izimpawu ezivamile ubuhlungu nokuphazamiseka kwe-vasomotor.

 

(9) I-Avascular necrosis: Ukuphuka kwenzeka lapho ukunikezwa kwegazi kwengxenye ethile yokuphuka kubhujiswa, okuholela ku-avascular necrosis yengxenye yokuphuka.I-avascular necrosis evamile yengxenye yokuphuka okuseduze ngemva kokuphuka kwe-scaphoid yesandla.

 

(10) I-Ischemic muscle contracture: Ikakhulukazi iwumphumela ongathi sína wokwelashwa okungafanele kwe-compartment syndrome futhi ingenye yezinkinga ezimbi kakhulu zokuphuka.Kungabangelwa ukuphuka kanye nokulimala kwezicubu ezithambile, futhi kuvame ukubangelwa ukuphathwa kwe-fracture okungalungile, ikakhulukazi uma ukulungiswa kwangaphandle kuqinile kakhulu.Ukwenzeka kosuku olulodwa kunzima ukwelapha futhi ngokuvamile kuholela ekukhubazekeni okukhulu.Ukukhubazeka okujwayelekile yizandla zozipho kanye nezinyawo zozipho.

 

I-KENJOY ingumkhiqizi wamabhandeshi odaka lwezokwelapha eChina.Abathengisi bamabhandeshi kakhonkolo wezokwelapha,Othekelisa ngaphandle kwamabhandeshi odaka lwezokwelapha